Eating Fruits -Important to all
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A place to get free information on how to maintain a good healthy life. At this point we will share tips and hints and ways to keep good health for a better living
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1. The cholesterol numbers shown above are established by the American Heart Association.
2. The scales are linear.
3. The vertical alignment of the scales is arbitrary, and was done to align the white borderline areas, in order to facilitate comparisons.
4. The LDL levels shown with an asterisk are recommended for certain high-risk subjects.
5. As you can see, my cholesterol levels remained fairly stable over a 4-year period.
Do you need to lower your high cholesterol numbers? You may need to take statin drugs.
Children forced into the rat race at an early age by parents are prone to a range of health problems
Class VII student Barnali Majumder dreams of "escaping the clutches of studies" whenever her mother pressurises her to work harder.
Barnali, however, does not consider playing with friends as a way of relaxation. "I prefer cycling and swimming. I don't have time to go out and play with my friends," she says.
Her mother, Jharna, a primary school teacher, says, "Gone are the days of games and sports, children don't have any time, so exercise is the best way to stay healthy."
Jharna is of the opinion that exercise solves most ailments and is worried that a lack of exercise may be responsible for Barnali's eyesight problems.
It is a situation that Dr Supriyo Chatterjee, a senior consultant in general and paediatric optometry, is familiar with. "Two common causes of myopia include lack of outdoor activities resulting in increased television watching or playing computer games and parental pressure which results in long study hours without any breaks," he says.
Parents with no time to look after their children further deteriorate the situation. "Many mothers often switch on the TV to keep their kids busy. Such a practice often leads children to become TV addicts and the eyes suffer fromcontinued viewing," says the doctor.
Parents, however, blame the intense competition in schools. "Our children have no time to play. My son studies in Class V and is so busy with school, tuition and creative writing classes that he has no time to play. We can't do much nowadays because the curriculum is so competitive," says Mandira, a housewife.
Her son blames peer pressure for his schedule. "My classmates and I always talk about getting good marks in exams. I want to do better than them when I sit for an exam and feel the need to keep on studying. I am too tired to exercise as all my energy is spent rushing from one tuition to another."
Experts believe that the way parents treat children plays a major role in this issue. "Children nowadays are mini adults, they aren't kids anymore. When would they have the time to play around as they are thrown into the rat race so early in life? Parents nowadays do not have adequate time to invest in their kids and hence want the kids to behave like miniature adults. They do not want the kids to play around as that would require more supervision," says clinical and rehabilitation psychologist Paromita Mitra Bhaumik.
Another culprit leading to poor health in kids is fast food. Here, parents don't have the time to make a wholesome meal and kids gorge on unhealthy food. "However unlike the US and the UK, where kids feasting on fast food have numerous parks to play around, kids here do not have that option. The numbers of playgrounds is decreasing with each passing day. All these combined together leads to deteriorating physical health among children," she adds.
(Inputs by Tania Ghosh)
More and more people are becoming aware of the importance of keeping fit in order to keep diseases at bay. Busy lifestyles however mean that urban lifestyle diseases are on a rise.
There are three types of problems seen increasingly in the urban populace: 1. People becoming increasingly overweight to the extent of being obese 2. High blood pressure that could be stress related or genetic and 3. Diseases affecting bone density including osteoporosis
Obesity and hypertension are common among both men and women, however I see about one out of three women suffering from osteoporosis.
The requisite exercise and diet depends on the condition the person is in.
OBESITY
It is important that overweight people have some mental discipline when it comes to health. Overweight people are often pretty enthusiastic when they start with a weight loss schedule. What often happens is that they yo-yo between going to the gym, binging and going back to the sedentary lifestyle and hitting the gym again.
Some people, particularly youngsters, opt for drastic measures such as crash dieting and over-exercise. The key here is to go slow and steady. The body needs an hour of exercise at the most each day. Over-exercising takes place if the duration, intensity and frequency are overdone for the individual's fitness level. Overexercise could happen for something as simple as the incline on the treadmill being too steep.
Recommended routine: Low impact cardiovascular exercises, aerobics, walking, cycling and swimming. Start with 30 minutes a day and gradually increase to 60 minutes. Diet: Low fat diet. Exercise alone will not help in losing weight.
HYPERTENSION
Those suffering from hypertension often have high blood pressure. It is important to keep the exercises to a lowimpact such as walking, swimming and using gym equipment as part of the exercise routine. Recommended routine: Light weight training Diet: Less salt, low fat diet. The food should be healthy. People suffering from hypertension can also be obese.
OSTEOPOROSIS
More women than men suffer from this condition. I have seen cases of osteoporosis as well as osteopenia and osteoarthritis. All these conditions involve bone density. It is important for those afflicted with these conditions to get involved in an exercise programme that will increase bone strength. Weight training is an excellent way to increase the bone strength as are some machines. Other than going to the gym, walking, taking the stairs and playing tennis are recommended. Swimming and cycling, however, do not help.
Recommended routine: Use dumbbells at the gym. Vitamin D, which is obtained through sunlight, is also important.
Diet: Increase the calcium intake for stronger bones. Food such as milk, yogurt, orange juice, sardines, egg yolk, tuna and green vegetables help in strengthening bones.
TOO STRESSED TO EXERCISE?
Your body needs a minimum of 30 minutes of exercise each day. It is important to be relaxed. Being fit does not necessarily mean going to the gym and working out. Do what relaxes you. It could be taking a stroll in the park or deep breathing through pranayama. Go to the spa and get a massage.
Recommended routine: Every individual has their own connect be it music, breathing or yoga that act as a stress buster.
Diet: It is important to have a regular diet with six mini meals for constant release of energy. If one is very stressed out, then not having food will increase stress and make them irritable. Mini meals result in regular energy spurts. The diet should have proteins, carbohydrates, fruits and vegetables. A sandwich with paneer and vegetables is a good example.
(Jain is a clinical exercise specialist)
As told to Sudakshina Ghosh
High Risk Of Cardiac Arrest, Finds Study
Mumbai: All is definitely not well with the heart of the city—both young and old. A study on Mumbaikars by P D Hinduja Hospital reveals some gloomy facts, highlighting the need for urgent steps to stem the impending cardiac epidemic. Metabolic factors that increase risk of heart disease by two-fold and diabetes by fivefold, was unbelievably high in the sample group.
The study conducted on 560 people (302 men, 246 women) aged 20-90 revealed 20% had more than three out of five metabolic factors like obesity, diabetes, high triglycerides (bad cholesterol), low HDL-C (good cholesterol) and elevated blood pressure. An equally worrying revelation was that 79.01% were overweight or obese. As many as 95% had at least one abnormal parameter.
The prevalence of metabolic factors was much higher in males at 25.16% as compared to females at 12.6%. But most importantly, the study revealedbeyond doubt that young hearts were particularly at risk of developing cardiovascular diseases as most of those who showed low levels of HDL-C or good cholesterol were in the age group of 20-40 years. "About 65% of those with less of good cholesterol were between 20-40 years," said Dr T F Ashavaid, head, department of Laboratory Medicine, PD Hinduja Hospital, who oversaw the project, adding obesity was one of the biggest concerns.
Lipoprotein A (LpA), believed to be responsible for heart attacks at a younger age, was found in elevated levels, and females particularly were high on this parameter. "The study showed about 26.37% of males and 33.73%females had elevated levels of LpA," said researcher Apurva Sawant. "Just about 5% of the sample size was free of factors adding to morbidity," said Sawant.
Similar was the case with triglycerides or bad cholesterol. About 40% had elevated fasting blood glucose levels and triglyceride. "Indians have a peculiar form of dyslipidemia where triglyceride is more and HDL is less, it makes them more prone to heart problems," said Dr Aashish Contractor, head of preventive cardiology and rehabilitation, Asian Heart Institute. But experts say it may not be enough to blame genes. "Genetics can be managed with a good lifestyle," said Contractor. "Less physical activity and more refined food is putting the population at a heightened risk."
Young, Obese And In Clear Danger
95% of the people had at least one abnormal parameter 20% of people were found to be suffering from metabolic syndrome About 79.01% were either overweight or obese 39.96% had high fasting blood glucose and triglycerides
Low HDL-C (good cholesterol) in men aged 20-40 was 64.91% Lipoprotein A (LpA), believed to cause premature heart attacks, was high in 26.37% of males and 33.73% females
Elevations of serum CRP carry predictive power for development of heart disease
Around 10% had high levels of CRP, a cardiac marker
Of those with elevated CRP, 86.95% were obese
*Study size: 560 people
Patients With 'Normal' BMI Battling Health Problems Associated With Obesity
Mumbai: At 17 years, Rujuta Durake was overweight but not obese. Her Body Mass Index (BMI) was 26—a figure that does not warranty the need for metabolic surgery. But not only did Rujuta undergo a gastric bypass, doctors also diagnosed her with Type 2 diabetes, a disease usually associated with obesity. Her doctors found an unusually high percentage of fat deposits around the teenager's liver and intestine.
"Traditionally, a BMI of 30 and above is a sign of obesity. Though Rujuta's BMI was 26, her body fat percentage was 49%, much higher than the normal limit, which is 22% for women,'' said Dr Dr Shashank Shah, bariatric surgeon at L H Hiranandani Hospital. There are many people like Rujuta, who suffer from health problems associated with obesity even though their BMI does not indicate it. It's little wonder, then, that doctors are insisting that BMI can't be the only tool to measure obesity.
"While BMI is an accepted measurement of obesity, it doesn't measure adiposity—a status that incorporates physiological and anatomical parameters and provides a more complete measurement of a person's metabolism,'' said DrMuffazal Lakdawala, bariatric surgeon, Saifee Hospital.
Also, a patient's obesity level can vary depending on composition, gender, etc. "The BMI reading of a man and woman who each weigh 75 kg will throw up the same figure. It does not take into account that while the man will have a higher fat percentage in his upper abdomen area, the women is most likely to have fat deposits around the hips. Only the male patient is likely to have problems such as diabetes and high cholesterol,'' said Dr Shah, who advocates the need for a Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) scan to get an accurate measure of fat density.
Sanjay Hon, 48, was suffering from obesity-related medical problems including hypertension, diabetes and high cholesterol. This, despite the fact that his BMI was 28. His body fat, however, was a high 40%. "The doctors informed me that my abdomen had deposits of fat,'' said Sanjay, who had to undergo metabolic surgery. "I managed to shed 23 kg and my cholesterol levels are normal,'' he added.
But the BMI is an affordable indicator of the problem. "A DEXA scan cost up to Rs 1,500 per scan. The BMI is still a good marker to help a person understand where he or she stands. Further course of action can be taken from there,'' said Dr Ramen Goel, bariatric surgeon, Bombay Hospital. Measuring Obesity
What Is BMI
Body mass index (BMI) is a measure of body fat based on height and weight that applies to both adult men and women. It is calculated as absolute weight (kg) divided by height (m sq).
According to the 1991 National Institute of Health consensus, the cut-off criteria for an obesity surgery is a BMI 40 or 35 with comorbidity (problems like diabetes, etc). The reason BMI is used for screening the health of a patient is due to the strong correlation between being overweight/ obese and having health problems
But What About Body Fat?
According to doctors, obesity calculation should now be carried out through skin-fold thickness measurement, body fat scan, dual energy X rays, CT scan and MRI . The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition published a study showing that body-fat percentage may be a better measure of weight-related diseases than BMI. Doctors now believe that BMI limits be reduced, and other parameters like body fat percentage be considered for measuring obesity Some parameters suggested by the medical community
Metabolic surgery be considered as a treatment option for obesity in Asians above a BMI of 32 Asians whose BMI is 30 and waist circumference more than 80 cm in females and more than 90 cm in males, should be considered for obesity surgery
Key Numbers
Among Asians,
20-22%
body fat is normal for women
For men, the limit is 17%
1. Cucumbers contain most of the vitamins you need every day, just one cucumber contains Vitamin B1, Vitamin B2, Vitamin B3, Vitamin B5,Vitamin B6, Folic Acid, Vitamin C, Calcium, Iron, Magnesium,Phosphorus, Potassium and Zinc.
2. Feeling tired in the afternoon, put down the caffeinated soda and pick up a cucumber. Cucumbers are a good source of B Vitamins and Carbohydrates that can provide that quick pick-me-up that can last for hours.
3. Tired of your bathroom mirror fogging up after a shower? Try rubbing a cucumber slice along the mirror, it will eliminate the fog and provide a soothing, spa-like fragrance.
4. Are grubs and slugs ruining your planting beds? Place a few slices in a small pie tin and your garden will be free of pests all season long. The chemicals in the cucumber react with the aluminum to give off a scent undetectable to humans but drive garden pests crazy and make them flee the area.
5. Looking for a fast and easy way to remove cellulite before going out or to the pool? Try rubbing a slice or two of cucumbers along your problem area for a few minutes, the phytochemicals in the cucumber cause the collagen in your skin to tighten, firming up the outer layer and reducing the visibility of cellulite. Works great on wrinkles too!!!
6. Want to avoid a hangover or terrible headache? Eat a few cucumber slices before going to bed and wake up refreshed and headache free. Cucumbers contain enough sugar, B vitamins and electrolytes to replenish essential nutrients the body lost, keeping everything in equilibrium, avoiding both a hangover and headache!!
7. Looking to fight off that afternoon or evening snacking binge? Cucumbers have been used for centuries and often used by European trappers, traders and explorers for quick meals to thwart off starvation.
8. Have an important meeting or job interview and you realize that you don't have enough time to polish your shoes? Rub a freshly cut cucumber over the shoe, its chemicals will provide a quick and durable shine that not only looks great but also repels water.
9. Out of WD 40 and need to fix a squeaky hinge? Take a cucumber slice and rub it along the problematic hinge, and voila, the squeak is gone!
10. Stressed out and don't have time for massage, facial or visit to the spa? Cut up an entire cucumber and place it in a boiling pot of water, the chemicals and nutrients from the cucumber will react with the boiling water and be released in the steam, creating a soothing, relaxing aroma that has been shown to reduce stress in new mothers and college students during final exams.
11. Just finished a business lunch and realize you don't have gum or mints? Take a slice of cucumber and press it to the roof of your mouth with your tongue for 30 seconds to eliminate bad breath, the phytochemcials will kill the bacteria in your mouth responsible for causing bad breath.
12. Looking for a 'green' way to clean your faucets, sinks or stainless steel? Take a slice of cucumber and rub it on the surface you want to clean, not only will it remove years of tarnish and bring back the shine, but it won't leave streaks and won't harm your fingers or fingernails while you clean.
13. Using a pen and made a mistake? Take the outside of the cucumber and slowly use it to erase the pen writing, also works great on crayons and markers that the kids have used to decorate the walls!!
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