Work out, but watch out for that extra bite

New Study By US Researchers Finds That Even Strenuous Exercise May Not Lead To Weight Loss If Diet Is Not Controlled Aarti (name changed) opened a packet of salted peanuts when a colleague piped in: ''Why are you eating that when you are trying to lose weight?'' Aarti, a regular at the office gym, replied confidently: ''I'll burn them.'' She may just have fallen into the trap millions of other people the world over succumb to on a daily basis — the myth of ''burning calories'' by exercising.      The answer to why your weight does not budge despite all those hours spent on the treadmill, in the swimming pool, on the yoga mat... the list goes on — may lie in a new study conducted by US researchers which says that people who work out for long durations often tend to lose the advantage through ''compensation'' of the predicted weight loss by increased calorie intake. Think of the umpteen times you rewarded yourself with that post-exercise piece of pizza.      The study, conducted by researchers from Louisiana State University, University of Missouri and University of South Carolina on 464 postmenopausal overweight women, randomly divided the women into four groups. While three of the groups  were assigned various doses of exercise, one was the control group.      The first two groups — which did 72 and 136 minutes of exercise per week — showed the same weight loss as predicted but the third group which exercised for more than 194 minutes per week showed only half of the predicted weight loss. All the women though showed reduction of waist circumference. The study was published in the peer reviewed journal PloS One (PLoS stands for Public Library of Science).      What the researchers in their staccato scientific terms call ''compensation'' may actually mean the oily samosa, worth 150 Kcal, which can be  offset by 25 minutes of running on the treadmill or that one scoop of ice cream, worth 120 calories, that may be neutralised with 30 minutes of table tennis that you occasionally reward yourself with. Predictably city experts do not appreciate what they call an attempt to undermine the importance of exercise but at the same time accept the inherent finding of the study that diet is as important as exercise in achieving weight loss.      Says Dr Anoop Misra, head of the department of diabetes, obesity and metabolism, Fortis Hospital: ''I have seen the study. It does not take away in any way from the known advantages of regular exercise like prevention of diabetes, heart disease fatty liver etc. As for weight loss, we are always very clear that diet and exercise go hand in hand and there are various combinations of the two that work for different people. It is a fact that exercising does not mean the licence to eat what you want and unhealthy eating will show.''      He added that for Indians who are prone to abdominal obesity, the international standards of exercise of 30-40 minutes a day have been revised to 60 minutes. ''It is true that exercise enhances the appetite but adjustments have to be made in the diet for that. For example, instead of a bar of chocolate, drinking a glass of nimbu pani with salt with five almonds is far healthier and it has calories too,'' Dr Misra adds.      Clinical nutritionist Ishi Khosla who accepts that the study reinforces the message that diet is as important, however, says that she would take the findings ''with a pinch of salt principally because it does not deal with the quality of weight loss. There is no mention of the changes in metabolic rate. In fact, for people who are obese because of a hormonal imbalance — a condition which is called metabolic obesity — weight loss is impossible without exercise. In case of simple obesity, merely watching your diet can cause weight loss but then you would also end up losing a lot of muscle mass in the process which will lower your metabolic rate because muscle spends more energy.''      According to figures published in medical journals, a kg of muscle burns about three kilo calorie a day in the resting body while fat burns just a third of that. Which means 5 kg fat replaced by muscle will help you burn just 40 kcal extra per day. One small glass of cola has 110 kcal.